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Afghanistan

Afghanistan has approximately 40 million inhabitants. Afghanistan is a multiethnic and mostly tribal society. The population of the country consists of numerous ethnic groups: Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, Aimaq, Turkmen, Baloch, Pashai, Nuristani, Gujjar, Arab, Brahui, Qizilbash, Pamiri, Kyrgyz, Sadat and others.

The Afghan president, Ashraf Ghani, was elected in 2020, but the president and his government fled after the Taliban took over Kabul. Since the USA took over the power in Afghanistan from the Taliban in 2001, the Western allies have trained and created a strongly independent and democratic government in Afghanistan. This mission failed. The Taliban took over the country in August 2021, and the international community refused to recognize the legitimacy of the Taliban. So far, governments have been reluctant to support the Taliban. The Taliban ruled the country from 1996 to 2001. During their tenure, they disrespected human rights by publicly executing opposition leaders and suppressing women. Women couldn’t work or get an education in the old regime. This is why most of the West fears a restoration of the iron rule of the Taliban in the country. The NATO allies have therefore issued economic sanctions to force the Taliban to compromise and guarantee the wellbeing of the Afghan people. So far, the Taliban has made very few concessions and is set on following the strict principles of Sharia Law. Because Afghanistan mainly survived development aid as their primary source of income, the economy has now collapsed. The Afghan people tried to flee the country to escape the Taliban rule. Many Afghans are displaced in their own country and don’t know what to do. The economic crisis in the country is looming and threatening to impoverish over 97 percent of the people. The people of Afghanistan need to make a decision:

Options:

• Accept the rule of law of the Taliban and obey the order and laws they impose to avoid a humanitarian disaster.
• Try to mobilize the international community to provide financial and logistical support to the Afghan people. Since the US withdrew in August 2021, no troops currently support the locals.
• Try to mobilize all citizens to overthrow the Taliban and elect a new leader.
• Negotiate with countries around the globe to help the permanent relocation of the Afghan people.

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